What is the basic operating method of Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD)?

Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD) operate on the principle of measuring the amount of ionizing radiation a material has absorbed. This particular method involves using a lithium fluoride chip, which when exposed to radiation, traps some of the energy within its crystalline structure.

When the TLD is subsequently heated, the trapped energy is released in the form of light or luminescence. This light is then measured and correlated to the amount of radiation exposure. The heating process activates the luminescence in the lithium fluoride by bringing it to a temperature sufficient to release the stored energy, but does not need to be at combustion point.

Thus, the answer correctly identifies the process of heating the lithium fluoride chip as the fundamental mechanism through which TLDs measure radiation exposure. This method is widely used due to its accuracy and reliability in monitoring radiation, particularly in occupational health settings.