What type of radiation is effectively blocked by paper or skin?

Prepare for the Kettering Safety Exam. Study with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question offers hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

Alpha radiation is made up of particles consisting of two protons and two neutrons, which are essentially helium nuclei. Due to their relatively large mass and positive charge, alpha particles have a very low penetration ability; they can be stopped by just a few centimeters of air, a sheet of paper, or even the outer layer of human skin. This limited penetration means that, while alpha radiation can be harmful if ingested or inhaled—since it can interact with internal tissues—external exposure poses little risk as the alpha particles cannot penetrate the skin.

Other types of radiation, such as beta particles and gamma rays, have much higher penetration abilities. Beta radiation, composed of high-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons, can penetrate the skin but are generally stopped by plastic or glass. Gamma radiation, being electromagnetic waves, can pass through most materials, including skin and paper, requiring dense materials like lead or several centimeters of concrete for effective shielding. X-ray radiation shares similar penetrating characteristics to gamma radiation and cannot be effectively blocked by paper or skin alone.

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